Robert has been asked to increase the overall efficiency of the sales database by implementing a procedure that structures data to minimize duplication and inconsistencies. What procedure is this?

A.
Polymorphism

B.
Normalization

C.
Implementation of database views

D.
Constructing schema

Explanation:
B: Normalization is a process that eliminates redundancy, organizes data efficiently, reduces the potential for anomalies during data operations, and improves data consistency
within databases. It is a systematic way of ensuring that a database structure is designed properly to be free of certain undesirable characteristicsinsertion, update, and deletion
anomaliesthat could lead to a loss of data integrity.
A is incorrect because polymorphism is when different objects are given the same input and react differently. As a simplistic example of polymorphism, suppose three different
objects receive the input “Bob.” Object A would process this input and produce the output “43-year-old white male.” Object B would receive the input “Bob” and produce the output
“Husband of Sally.” Object C would produce the output “Member of User group.” Each object received the same input but responded with a different output.
C is incorrect because database views are logical access controls and are implemented to permit one group, or a specific user, to see certain information while restricting another
group from viewing it altogether. For example, database views can be implemented to allow middle management to see their departments’ profits and expenses without viewing the
whole company’s profits. Database views do not minimize duplicate data; rather, they manipulate how data is viewed by specific users/groups.
D is incorrect because schema of a database system is its structure described in a formal language. In a relational database, the schema defines the tables, the fields, relationships,
views, indexes, procedures, queues, database links, directories, and so on. The schema describes the database and its structure, but not the data that will live within that database
itself. This is similar to a blueprint of a house. The blueprint can state that there will be four rooms, six doors, 12 windows, and so on without describing the people who will live in the
house.