Your network consists of one HSRP group of six routers. All of the routers are functioning properly. The
network has been stable for several days.
In which HSRP state are most of the routers?

A.
Learn

B.
Listen

C.
Standby

D.
Active

Explanation:
If all of the routers in the Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP) group are functioning properly, then most of the
routers in the group are in the listen state. Four routers will be in the listen state, one router will be in the
standby state, and one router will be in the active state.
HSRP is used by a group of routers to create the appearance of a virtual router with which end stations can
communicate in the event that the default gateway becomes unavailable. The active router is responsible for
forwarding packets that are sent to the virtual router. The standby router is responsible for assuming the role of
active router should the active router fail or become unavailable. All other HSRP routers monitor the hello
messages sent by the active and standby routers. Should the active and standby routers both become
unavailable, the HSRP router with the highest priority is elected to become the active router by default. For
routers with equal priority values, the router with the highest IP address becomes the active router.
HSRP routers can exist in one of the following six states:
Initial
Learn
Listen
Speak
Standby
Active
All HSRP routers start in the initial state. A router in the learn state is waiting for its first hello message from the
active router so that it can learn the virtual router’s IP address. When the hello message is received and the
virtual router’s IP address is discovered, the HSRP router is in the listen state. A router in the listen state listens
for hello messages from the active and standby routers. If an election for a new active router and a newstandby router is required, then an HSRP router will enter the speak state and begin transmitting hello
messages. The standby state is reserved for the standby router, and the active state is reserved for the active
router. Only routers in speak, standby, and active states will transmit hello packets.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure, verify, and troubleshoot basic HSRP

Cisco > Home > Technology Support > IP > IP Application Services > Design > Design Technotes > Hot
Standby Router Protocol Features and Functionality
Cisco > Cisco IOS IP Application Services Configuration Guide, Release 12.4 > Part 1: First Hop Redundancy
Protocols > Configuring HSRP