When transmitting to a remote destination, what two things will occur after a host has determined the IP
address of the destination to which it is transmitting? (Choose two.)

A.
The sending host will perform an ARP broadcast in its local subnet using the IP address of the destination
host.

B.
The sending host will perform an ARP broadcast in its local subnet using the IP address of the local router
interface.

C.
The local router interface will respond with the MAC address of the destination host.

D.
The local router interface will respond with its own MAC address.

E.
The destination host will respond with its own MAC address.

Explanation:
When a transmission is made to a remote location, the sending host will perform an Address Resolution
Protocol (ARP) broadcast in its local subnet using the IP address of the local router interface, and the local
router interface will respond with its own MAC address. A remote address is defined as an address in a
different subnet.
When a host determines (through a process called ANDing) that a destination address is remote, it will send
the packet to the local router interface, which is known as the default gateway on the host. But when it performs
ANDing on the IP address of the local router interface, it will discover that the interface is local. When
transmitting to a local IP address, a conversion to a MAC address must occur. Therefore, it will perform a local
ARP broadcast, and the local router interface will respond with its MAC address.
Regardless of whether the host is broadcasting for the MAC address of the destination locally on the same
LAN, or if it is broadcasting for the MAC address of the router interface (remotely), the broadcast will be a Layer
2 broadcast using the MAC address ff-ff-ff-ff-ff. It will be received by all devices on the LAN, but only the device
with the specified IP address will reply.
The ARP resolution process does take a second or two to complete if no mapping for the destination devices IP
address to MAC address is found in the ARP cache. For example, if the MAC address must be resolved
through the ARP broadcast when pinging from one device to another, it can cause the first several echo
requests to go unanswered, as shown on the output below. After this resolution has been completed, however,
the second ping attempt should receive an answer to all five ICMP echo requests.
Router1#ping 50.6.3.26
Type escape sequence to abort
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 50.6.3.26, timeout is 2 seconds:
..!!!
Router1#ping 50.6.3.26
Type escape sequence to abort
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 50.6.3.26, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
The sending host will not perform an ARP broadcast in its local subnet using the IP address of the destination
host. A local ARP broadcast is only performed when the ANDing process deduces that the destination IP
address is local. In this case, the destination is remote.
The destination host will not respond with its MAC address. The process of learning the MAC address of the
destination computer is the responsibility of the local router interface on the subnet where the destination host
resides.
Objective:
LAN Switching Fundamentals
Sub-Objective:
Describe and verify switching concepts

Cisco > Cisco IOS XR IP Addresses and Services Configuration Guide for the Cisco XR 12000 Series Router,
Release 4.3.x > Configuring ARP