On Cisco switches, what is the correct order of port transition through the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
states?

A.
learning, listening, blocking, forwarding

B.
listening, blocking, forwarding, learning

C.
blocking, learning, forwarding, listening

D.
blocking, listening, learning, forwarding

Explanation:
There are five states in STP transition:
Blocking
ListeningLearning
Forwarding
Disabled
After STP initialization, a port moves from blocking to listening, then to learning, and finally into forwarding
state. In case of any errors or exceptions, a port may enter into a disabled state directly from any of the other
four states. Once STP has fully converged, all ports on all switches will be in either a forwarding state or a
blocking state. All other port states are transitioning states between blocking and forwarding.
When STP is initialized, all ports start in the blocking state to prevent bridge loops. If a switch determines that a
blocking port must transition to a forwarding state, the blocked port will first move into a listening state, where it
begins sending Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs). Next, the port will transition to a learning state, which
allows it to populate its Media Access Control (MAC) address table with addresses learned on the port, but it
does not yet forward data frames. Finally, it moves into the forwarding state, where the port is capable of
sending and receiving data. The switch only learns MAC addresses during the learning and forwarding states.
Objective:
LAN Switching Fundamentals
Sub-Objective:
Configure, verify, and troubleshoot STP protocols