Which of the following protocols offers native encryption?

A.
IPSEC, SSH, PPTP, SSL, MPLS, L2F, and L2TP

B.
IPSEC, SSH, SSL, TFTP

C.
IPSEC, SSH, SSL, TLS

D.
IPSEC, SSH, PPTP, SSL, MPLS, and L2TP

Explanation:
IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) is a standard that provides encryption, access control, non-repudiation, and
authentication of messages over an IP network.
SSH (Secure Shell) is a set of protocols that are primarily used for remote access over a network by
establishing an encrypted tunnel between an SSH client and an SSH server.
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is an encryption technology that is used to provide secure transactions such as the
exchange of credit card numbers. SSL is a socket layer security protocol and is a two-layered protocol that
contains the SSL Record Protocol and the SSL Handshake Protocol. Similar to SSH, SSL uses symmetric
encryption for private connections and asymmetric or public key cryptography for peer authentication.Incorrect Answers:
A: MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) is a WAN technology that does not provide encryption. L2F (Layer 2
Forwarding Protocol) is a tunneling protocol that does not provide encryption by itself. L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling
Protocol) is also a tunneling protocol that does not provide encryption by itself.
B: TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring files. TFTP does not provide encryption.
D: MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) is a WAN technology that does not provide encryption. L2TP (Layer 2
Tunneling Protocol) is a tunneling protocol that does not provide encryption by itself.

Krutz, Ronald L. and Russel Dean Vines, The CISSP Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer
Security, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2001, p. 86