The security of a computer application is most effective and economical in which of the following
cases?

A.
The system is optimized prior to the addition of security.

B.
The system is procured off-the-shelf.

C.
The system is customized to meet the specific security threat.

D.
The system is designed originally to provide the necessary security.

Explanation:
This is very obvious, if your system is designed from the ground up to provide
security, its going to be cheaper and more effective at the end, because you don’t need reanalysis, re-coding, and re-structure of the internal code of the computer application. If you don’t
address security at the beginning you will also need to spend time and money reviewing the code
to try to put the security infrastructure in some place of it.