Which expert system operating mode allows determining if a given hypothesis is valid?

A.
Vertical chaining

B.
Lateral chaining

C.
Forward chaining

D.
Backward chaining

Explanation:
“The expert system operates in either a forward-chaining or backward-chaining
mode. In a forward-chaining mode, the expert system acquires information and comes to a
conclusion based on that information. Forward-chaining is the reasoning approach that can be
used when there is a small number of solutions relative to the number of inputs. In a backwardchaining mode, the expert system backtracks to determine if a given hypothesis is valid.
Backward-chaining is generally used when there are a large number of possible solutions relative
to the number of inputs. Another type of expert system is the blackboard. A blackboard is an
expert system-reasoning methodology in which a solution is generated by the use of a virtual
“blackboard,” wherein information or potential solutions are placed on the blackboard by the
plurality of individuals or expert knowledge sources. As more information is placed on the
blackboard in an iterative process, a solution is generated.” Pg 354 Krutz: The CISSP Prep Guide:
Gold Edition