Which factor is critical in all systems to protect data integrity?

A.
Data classification

B.
Information ownership

C.
Change control

D.
System design

Explanation:

A Integrity is dependent on confidentiality, which relies on data classification. Also Biba integrity
model relies on data classification.
“There are numerous countermeasures to ensure confidentiality against possible threats. These
include the use of encryption, network traffic padding, strict access control, rigorous authentication
procedures, data classification, and extensive personnel training.
Confidentiality and integrity are dependent upon each other. Without object integrity,
confidentiality cannon be maintained. Other concepts, conditions, and aspects of confidentiality
include sensitivity, discretion, criticality, concealment, secrecy, privacy, seclusion, and isolation.” Pg
145
Tittel: CISSP Study Guide.
“Biba Integrity Model
Integrity is usually characterized by the three following goals:
1.)The data is protected from modification by unauthorized users.
2.)The data is protected from unauthorized modification by authorized users.
3.)The data is internally and externally consistent; the data held in a database must balance
internally and correspond to the external, real world situation.”
Pg. 277 Krutz: The CISSP Prep Guide: Gold Edition.