Which expert system operating mode allows determining if a given hypothesis is valid?

A.
Vertical chaining

B.
Lateral chaining

C.
Forward chaining

D.
Backward chaining

Explanation:

“The expert system operates in either a forward-chaining or backward-chaining mode. In a forwardchaining mode, the expert system acquires information and comes to a conclusion based on that
information. Forward-chaining is the reasoning approach that can be used when there is a small
number of solutions relative to the number of inputs. In a backward chaining mode, the expert
system backtracks to determine if a given hypothesis is valid. Backward-chaining is generally used
when there are a large number of possible solutions relative to the number of inputs. Another type
of expert system is the blackboard. A blackboard is an expert system-reasoning methodology in
which a solution is generated by the use of a virtual “blackboard,” wherein information or potential
solutions are placed on the blackboard by the plurality of individuals or expert knowledge sources.
As more information is placed on the blackboard in an iterative process, a solution is generated.” Pg
354 Krutz: The CISSP Prep Guide: Gold Edition