Routers can send hello messages in three HSRP states. Which ones are they? (Select
three)

A.
Standby

B.
Learn

C.
Listen

D.
Speak

E.
Active

Explanation:
The various HSRP states are described below:
Listen: The router knows the virtual IP address, but is neither the active router nor the
standby router. It listens for hello messages from those routers.
Speak: The router sends periodic hello messages, and is actively participating in the election
of the active and/or standby router. A router cannot enter speak state unless it has the virtual
IP address.
Standby: The router is a candidate to become the next active router, and sends periodic
hello messages. Excluding transient conditions, there would be at most one router in the
group in standby state.
Active: The router is currently forwarding packets that are sent to the group’s virtual MAC
address. The router sends periodic hello messages. Excluding transient conditions, there
must be at most one router in active state in the group.
Initial: This is the starting state, and indicates that HSRP is not running. This state is entered
via a configuration change, or when an interface first comes up.
Learn: The router has not determined the virtual IP address, and has not yet seen an
authenticated hello message from the active router. In this state, the router is still waiting to
hear from the active router.