Which of the following liabilities is a third-party liability in which an individual may be responsible
for an action by another party?

A.
Relational liability

B.
Engaged liability

C.
Contributory liability

D.
Vicarious liability

Explanation:
Vicarious liability is based on the doctrine of respondeat superior, where a superior is responsible
for the actions of a subordinate.
Vicarious liability is a form of strict, secondary liability that arises under the common law doctrine of
agency, respondeat superior, the responsibility of the superior for the acts of their subordinate, or,
in a broader sense, the responsibility of any third party that had the “right, ability or duty to control”
the activities of a violator.
Answer option C is incorrect. Contributory liability or contributory infringement has been widely
defined as a form of liability on the part of someone who is not directly infringing but nevertheless is
making contributions to the infringing acts of others. Contributory liability is rooted
in the tort theory of enterprise liability. Contributory liability holds the third party liable for the
primary act by virtue of the third party’s relationship with the actual harm (either by enabling it or
benefiting from it).
Answer options A and B are incorrect. These are not valid options.
CISM Review Manual 2010, Contents. “Information Security Program Management”