Fill in the blank with an appropriate phrase.________ models address specifications, requirements,
and design, verification and validation, and maintenance activities.

Answer: See the explanation

Explanation:
Life cycle

A life cycle model helps to provide an insight into the development process and
emphasizes on the relationships among the different activities in this process. This model describes a
structured approach to the development and adjustment process involved in producing and
maintaining systems. The life cycle model addresses specifications, design, requirements, verification
and validation, and maintenance activities.
CISM Review Manual 2010, Contents: “Information Security Program Development “