Using proximity card readers instead of the traditional key punch doors would help to mitigate:

A.
Impersonation

B.
Tailgating

C.
Dumpster diving

D.
Shoulder surfing

Explanation:
Using a traditional key punch door, a person enters a code into a keypad to unlock the door. Someone could be watching the code being entered. They would then
be able to open the door by entering the code. The process of watching the key code being entered is known as shoulder surfing.
Shoulder surfing is using direct observation techniques, such as looking over someone’s shoulder, to get information. Shoulder surfing is an effective way to get
information in crowded places because it’s relatively easy to stand next to someone and watch as they fill out a form, enter a PIN number at an ATM machine, or
use a calling card at a public pay phone. Shoulder surfing can also be done long distance with the aid of binoculars or other vision-enhancing devices. To prevent
shoulder surfing, experts recommend that you shield paperwork or your keypad from view by using your body or cupping your hand.
Incorrect Answers:

A: Impersonation is where a person, computer, software application or service pretends to be someone or something it’s not. Impersonation is commonly nonmaliciously used in client/server applications. However, it can also be used as a security threat. Using proximity card readers instead of the traditional key punch
doors would not prevent impersonation.
Therefore, this answer is incorrect.
B: Tailgating in IT security would be an unauthorized person following and authorized person into a building or room such as a datacenter. If a building has a card
reader where an authorized person can hold up a card to the reader to unlock the door, someone tailgating could follow the authorized person into the building by
walking through the door before it closes and locks. Using proximity card readers instead of the traditional key punch doors would not prevent tailgating. Therefore,
this answer is incorrect.
C: Dumpster diving is looking for treasure in someone else’s trash. (A dumpster is a large trash container.) In the world of information technology, dumpster diving
is a technique used to retrieve information that could be used to carry out an attack on a computer network. Dumpster diving isn’t limited to searching through the
trash for obvious treasures like access codes or passwords written down on sticky notes. Seemingly innocent information like a phone list, calendar, or
organizational chart can be used to assist an attacker using social engineering techniques to gain access to the network. To prevent dumpster divers from learning
anything valuable from your trash, experts recommend that your company establish a disposal policy where all paper, including print-outs, is shredded in a crosscut shredder before being recycled, all storage media is erased, and all staff is educated about the danger of untracked trash. Using proximity card readers instead
of the traditional key punch doors would not prevent dumpster diving. Therefore, this answer is incorrect.

http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/shoulder-surfing http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/dumpster-diving