Exhibit:

In this typical VoIP network, the digital packet portion of the network is sandwiched between two analog transmission segments. Cowpens is connected by FXS (two-wire analog) to a local VoIP gateway. The Cowpens gateway communicates with the Monotomy gateway through an IP WAN. This packet transmission segment has an end-to-end latency of greater than 30 ms. At the Monotomy end of the call path, the Phone is connected in the same manner as the Phone at Cowpens. Where is the most likely source of echo?

A.
bits leaking in the digital portion

B.
bits leaking in the tail circuit connected to Cowpens

C.
bits leaking in the tail circuit connected to Monotomy

D.
a leakage path between analog Tx and Rx paths in Cowpens, and;sufficient delay in echo return from Monotomy for echo to be perceived as annoying, and;sufficient echo amplitude from Monotomy to be perceived as annoying