Which of the following refers to the ability to ensure that the data is not modified or tampered
with?

A.
Availability

B.
Non-repudiation

C.
Integrity

D.
Confidentiality

Explanation:
Integrity refers to the ability to ensure that the data is not modified or tampered with.

Integrity means that data cannot be modified without authorization. Integrity is violated when an
employee accidentally or with malicious intent deletes important data files, when a computer virus
infects a computer, when an employee is able to modify his own salary in a payroll database, when
an unauthorized user vandalizes a Web site, when someone is able to cast a very large number of
votes in an online poll, and so on.
Answer option D is incorrect. Confidentiality is the property of preventing disclosure of information
to unauthorized individuals or systems.
Breaches of confidentiality take many forms. Permitting someone to look over your shoulder at your
computer screen while you have confidential data displayed on it could be a breach of
confidentiality. If a laptop computer containing sensitive information about a company’s employees
is stolen or sold, it could result in a breach of confidentiality.
Answer option A is incorrect. Availability means that data must be available whenever it is needed.
Answer option B is incorrect. Non-repudiation is the concept of ensuring that a party in a dispute
cannot refuse to acknowledge, or refute the validity of a statement or contract. As a service, it
provides proof of the integrity and origin of data. Although this concept can be applied to
any transmission, including television and radio, by far the most common application is in the
verification and trust of signatures.
“http.//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrity”