CORRECT TEXT
Fill in the blank with the appropriate term. ______________________ is typically carried out by a
remote attacker attempting to gain information or access to a network on which it is not authorized
or allowed.

Answer: Network reconnaissance

Explanation:

Network reconnaissance is typically carried out by a remote attacker attempting to gain
information or access to a network on which it is not authorized or allowed. Network
reconnaissance is increasingly used to exploit network standards and automated communication
methods. The aim is to determine what types of computers are present, along with additional
information about those computers such as the type and version of the operating system. This
information can be analyzed for known or recently discovered vulnerabilities that can be exploited
to gain access to secure networks and computers. Network reconnaissance is possibly one of the
most common applications of passive data analysis. Early generation techniques, such as TCP/IP
passive fingerprinting, have accuracy issues that tended to make it ineffective. Today, numerous
tools exist to make reconnaissance easier and more effective.