Which of the following functions provides an output which cannot be reversed and converts data
into a string of characters?

A software developer wants to prevent stored passwords from being easily decrypted. When the

password is stored by the application, additional text is added to each password before the
password is hashed. This technique is known as:

Which of the following concepts describes the use of a one way transformation in order to validate
the integrity of a program?

The security administrator is implementing a malware storage system to archive all malware seen

by the company into a central database. The malware must be categorized and stored based on
similarities in the code. Which of the following should the security administrator use to identify
similar malware?

An Information Systems Security Officer (ISSO) has been placed in charge of a classified peer-topeer network that cannot connect to the Internet. The ISSO can update the antivirus definitions
manually, but which of the following steps is MOST important?

Which of the following would a security administrator use to verify the integrity of a file?

Sara, a security administrator, manually hashes all network device configuration files daily and
compares them to the previous days’ hashes. Which of the following security concepts is Sara
using?

Matt, a forensic analyst, wants to obtain the digital fingerprint for a given message. The message
is 160-bits long. Which of the following hashing methods would Matt have to use to obtain this
digital fingerprint?

Company A submitted a bid on a contract to do work for Company B via email. Company B was
insistent that the bid did not come from Company A. Which of the following would have assured
that the bid was submitted by Company A?

An email client says a digital signature is invalid and the sender cannot be verified. The recipient is
concerned with which of the following concepts?