Which of the following text editing tools can be used to edit text files without having to open them?

A.
less

B.
sed

C.
vi

D.
more

Explanation:

The Unix utility sed (stream editor) is a text editing tool that can be used to edit text files without
having to open them. This utility parses text files and implements a programming language which
can apply textual transformations to such files.
It reads input files line by line
(sequentially), applying the operation which has been specified via the command line (or a sed
script), and then outputs the line.
Answer option D is incorrect. The more command is used to view (but not modify) the contents of
a text file on the terminal screen at a time.
The syntax of the more command is as follows: more [options] file_name
Where,

Answer option A is incorrect. The less command is used to view (but not change) the contents of a
text file, one screen at a time. It is similar to the more command. However, it has the extended
capability of allowing both forward and backward navigation through the file. Unlike most Unix text
editors/viewers, less does not need to read the entire file before starting; therefore, it has faster
load times with large files.
The command syntax of the less command is as follows: less [options] file_name
Where,

Answer option C is incorrect. The vi editor is an interactive, cryptic, and screen-based text editor

used to create and edit a file. It operates in either Input mode or Command mode. In Input mode,
the vi editor accepts a keystroke as text and displays it on the screen, whereas in Command
mode, it interprets keystrokes as commands. As the vi editor is case sensitive, it interprets the
same character or characters as different commands, depending upon whether the user enters a
lowercase or uppercase character.
When a user starts a new session with vi, he must put the editor in Input mode by pressing the “I”
key. If he is not able to see the entered text on the vi editor’s screen, it means that he has not put
the editor in Insert mode. The user must change the editor to Input mode before entering any text
so that he can see the text he has entered.