What information does the file modules.dep provide?

A.
A list of all modules available to the kernel.

B.
A list of modules required by each module.

C.
A list of devices and their module name.

D.
A list of modules compiled for this kernel.

E.
A list of modules the kernel needs to run.

Explanation:

From the man pages:
The modules.dep.bin as generated by module-init-tools depmod, lists the dependencies for every

module in the directories under /lib/modules/version, where modules.dep.bin (or the human
readable version modules.
dep) is also located. It is used by utilities such as modprobe. The binary version will be used by
default, if it was generated by a compatible version of depmod, with fallback to the generic
modules.dep.
These files are not intended for editing or use by any additional utilities as their format is subject to
change in the future. You should use the modinfo(8) command to obtain information about
modules in a future proof and compatible fashion rather than touching these files.