_________________ involves the use of tools to create and manage software. It is a general term for many types of tools used by programmers, developers, project managers, and analysts that help them make application development faster and with fewer errors.

There are many SDLC methodologies that can be used by an organization to effectively develop an information system. A traditional SDLC, a linear sequential model (also known as ___________), assumes that the system will be delivered in its final stages of the development life cycle. Another SDLC method uses the _________,which is often used to develop an understanding of system requirements without actually developing a final operational system.

__________ is a process of interactively producing more detailed versions of objects by populating variables with different values or other variables. It is often used to prevent inference attacks.

The reference monitor ensures what?

Which of the following can be described as the process of creating two versions of an object so that users at a lower level of security cannot access information at a higher level of sensitivity?

Which of the following would be considered restrictions of a hierarchical database structure?

i.To be able to access a certain data entity within a hierarchical database requires the knowledge of which branch to start with and which route to take through each layer until the data are reached.
ii. To be able to access a certain key entity within a hierarchical database requires the knowledge of which branch to start with and which route to take through each layer until the data are reached.
iii. It does not use indexes as relational databases do for searching procedures.
iv. It does use indexes as relational databases do for searching procedures

After weeks of research, a data processing manager concludes that her team has been inputting data incorrectly into the central database and practicing erroneous processing. Because of these findings, her database is said to be _______.

Acme Widgets Company has an asset valued at $1,000,000. What is the highest amount they should spend annually on countermeasures against a threat that has an annualized rate of occurrence (ARO) of 5 percent and an exposure factor (EF) of 30 percent?

Jill sends a message to a Web server in Unicode, which easily passes throughsecurity controls because the content filtering feature does not recognize the data.reality, the message contains malicious commands. What type of attack is this?

The _________________ is the de facto standard of best practices for IT service management. ITIL was created because of the increased dependence on information technology to meet business needs.