At what layer of the OSI model do routers function on?

What is the target host IP in the following command?

What are the security risks of running a “repair” installation for Windows XP?

What will the following command produce on a website login page?What will the following
command produce on a website? login page?
SELECT email, passwd, login_id, full_name
FROM members
WHERE email = ‘someone@somehwere.com’; DROP TABLE members; –‘

If you come across a sheepdip machine at your client site, what would you infer?

In a computer forensics investigation, what describes the route that evidence takes from the time
you find it until the case is closed or goes to court?

How many characters long is the fixed-length MD5 algorithm checksum of a critical system file?

You are using DriveSpy, a forensic tool and want to copy 150 sectors where the starting sector is
1709 on the primary hard drive. Which of the following formats correctly specifies these sectors?

The newer Macintosh Operating System is based on:

A honey pot deployed with the IP 172.16.1.108 was compromised by an attacker . Given below is
an excerpt from a Snort binary capture of the attack. Decipher the activity carried out by the
attacker by studying the log. Please note that you are required to infer only what is explicit in the
excerpt. (Note: The student is being tested on concepts learnt during passive OS fingerprinting,
basic TCP/IP connection concepts and the ability to read packet signatures from a sniff dump.)
03/15-20:21:24.107053 211.185.125.124:3500 -> 172.16.1.108:111 TCP TTL:43 TOS:0×0
ID:29726 IpLen:20 DgmLen:52 DF ***A**** Seq: 0x9B6338C5 Ack: 0x5820ADD0 Win: 0x7D78
TcpLen: 32 TCP Options (3) => NOP NOP TS: 23678634 2878772
=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=
03/15-20:21:24.452051 211.185.125.124:789 -> 172.16.1.103:111 UDP TTL:43 TOS:0×0
ID:29733 IpLen:20 DgmLen:84 Len: 64
01 0A 8A 0A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 01 86 A0 ……………. 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 ……………. 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 86 B8 00 00 00 01 …………….
00 00 00 11 00 00 00 00 ……..
=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=
03/15-20:21:24.730436 211.185.125.124:790 -> 172.16.1.103:32773 UDP TTL:43 TOS:0×0
ID:29781 IpLen:20 DgmLen:1104 Len: 1084 47 F7 9F 63 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 01 86 B8