Which one of the following BEST describes a password cracker?
A.
A program that can locate and read a password file.
B.
A program that provides software registration passwords or keys.
C.
A program that performs comparative analysis.
D.
A program that obtains privileged access to the system.
Explanation:
In a dictionary crack, L0phtCrack encrypts (i.e., hashes) all the passwords in a dictionary file you
specify and compares every result with the password hash. If L0phtCrack finds any matches, it knows
the password is the dictionary word. L0phtCrack comes with a default dictionary file, wordsenglish.
You can download additional files from the Internet or create a custom file. In the Tools Options
dialog box, you can choose to run the dictionary attack against the LANMAN password hash, the NT
LAN Manager (NTLM) password hash, or both (which is the default). In a hybrid crack, L0phtCrack
extends the dictionary crack by appending numbers or symbols to each word in the dictionary file.For example, in addition to trying “Galileo,” L0phtCrack also tries “Galileo24,” “13Galileo,”
“?Galileo,” “Galileo!,” and so on. The default number of characters L0phtCrack tries is two, and you
can change this number in the Tools Options dialog box. In a brute-force crack, L0phtCrack tries
every possible combination of characters in a character set. L0phtCrack offers four character sets,
ranging from alpha only to all alphanumeric plus all symbol characters. You can choose a character
set from the Character Set drop-down box in the Tools Options dialog box or type a custom
character set in the Character Set drop-down box. L0phtCrack saves custom sets in files with an .lc
extension. You can also specify a character set in the password file, as the example in Figure 2
shows. Not B: A key generator is what is being described by the registration password or key answer.